# Swoopr Investment: Research
# Scoped content manifest for LLM agents and web crawlers.
# Generated: 2026-10-09
# 152 pages in this section.
# Root index: https://www.getswoopr.com/llms.txt

## Research Workbench

- [Stock Research Workbench](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research.md)): Free stock research workflow: screen a watchlist, compare fundamentals, value with scenarios, and document a thesis with its risks using the Swoopr Research Loop.
- [AI Citation Benchmark Methodology](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/ai-citation-methodology/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/ai-citation-methodology.md)): How Swoopr measures AI citation readiness, observed citations, citation accuracy, and share of voice across ChatGPT, Gemini, Perplexity, and AI Overviews.
- [AI Citation Readiness](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/ai-citation-readiness/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/ai-citation-readiness.md)): How Swoopr makes investment education easy to identify, verify, attribute and cite: claim-to-source proximity, primary sources, entity clarity, dates, and formula provenance.
- [AI Discovery & Citation at Swoopr](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/ai-discovery-citation/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/ai-discovery-citation.md)): How Swoopr Investment approaches AI-assisted discovery, crawler policy, citation measurement, and primary source authority for public educational resources.
- [Answer Ownership Registry](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/answer-ownership/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/answer-ownership.md)): How Swoopr's Answer Ownership Registry assigns one primary page to each user question, detects collisions, and keeps definitions consistent across a large investment library.
- [Business Quality and Moat Lab](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/business-quality-moat/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/business-quality-moat.md)): The Business Quality and Moat Lab teaches investors how to evaluate competitive advantages, identify durable moats, and distinguish businesses with pricing power and high returns on capital from those without. Learn how to assess business quality systematically before making a long-term investment.
- [Moat Erosion: Identifying When Competitive Advantages Are Declining](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/business-quality-moat/moat-erosion/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/business-quality-moat/moat-erosion.md)): Moat erosion is the gradual weakening of a competitive advantage before it shows up in financial results. Learn the early warning signs of moat erosion and how to monitor for them before deteriorating financials make the diagnosis obvious.
- [Moat Sources: Where Competitive Advantages Come From](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/business-quality-moat/moat-sources/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/business-quality-moat/moat-sources.md)): Competitive moats come from a small number of structural sources: network effects, switching costs, cost advantages, intangible assets, and efficient scale. Learn how to identify which source is driving a company's competitive advantage and how durable each source tends to be.
- [Pricing Power: What It Is & How to Measure It](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/business-quality-moat/pricing-power/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/business-quality-moat/pricing-power.md)): Pricing power is the ability to raise prices without losing customers. Learn how to identify genuine pricing power, distinguish it from temporary market conditions, and use it as a signal of competitive advantage durability.
- [Quality Investing: The Framework](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/business-quality-moat/quality-investing/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/business-quality-moat/quality-investing.md)): Quality investing focuses on businesses with durable competitive advantages, high returns on capital, and management teams that allocate capital well. Learn the defining characteristics of quality businesses and how to apply quality criteria in stock selection.
- [ROIC Analysis: Measuring Value Creation](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/business-quality-moat/roic-analysis/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/business-quality-moat/roic-analysis.md)): Return on invested capital (ROIC) is the best single measure of a company's ability to create value. Learn how to calculate ROIC correctly, compare it to the cost of capital, and use ROIC trends to assess competitive advantage strength and durability.
- [Catalyst and Event Map Lab](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/catalysts-events/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/catalysts-events.md)): The Catalyst and Event Map Lab teaches investors to define catalysts precisely, map event timing and dependencies, set evidence thresholds, and specify what each catalyst can and cannot prove about an investment thesis.
- [How to Cite Swoopr Investment](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/citation-guide/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/citation-guide.md)): Citation formats and reuse guidance for Swoopr Investment research pages, datasets, tools, charts, glossary entries, and versioned educational resources.
- [Due Diligence Lab](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/due-diligence/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/due-diligence.md)): The Due Diligence Lab teaches investors a repeatable, structured process for evaluating investment opportunities before committing capital. Learn how to organize primary research, verify claims, stress-test assumptions, and document conclusions in a way that survives scrutiny.
- [Investment Documentation: Writing](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/due-diligence/documentation/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/due-diligence/documentation.md)): Investment documentation creates a written record of why a position was initiated, what would change the thesis, and how the investment performed against expectations. Learn how to build a documentation system that improves decision quality and enables learning from past investments.
- [Financial Statement Analysis for Equity Research](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/due-diligence/financial-statement-analysis/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/due-diligence/financial-statement-analysis.md)): Financial statement analysis translates accounting numbers into economic reality. Learn how to read the income statement, balance sheet, and cash flow statement together to assess earnings quality, capital efficiency, and financial health.
- [Management Assessment](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/due-diligence/management-assessment/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/due-diligence/management-assessment.md)): Management assessment in investment research focuses on capital allocation track record, incentive alignment, and honesty in communications. Learn what to look for when evaluating whether a leadership team deserves investor trust.
- [Primary Research](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/due-diligence/primary-research/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/due-diligence/primary-research.md)): Primary research in investing means gathering information directly rather than relying on sell-side reports. Learn how to conduct channel checks, expert interviews, and site visits to develop an independent view before the consensus forms.
- [Risk Enumeration](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/due-diligence/risk-enumeration/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/due-diligence/risk-enumeration.md)): Risk enumeration is the practice of explicitly listing every material risk to an investment thesis before committing capital. Learn how to categorize, prioritize, and monitor risks so that portfolio losses come from accepting known risks, not from overlooking obvious ones.
- [Earnings Quality and Accounting Lab](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/earnings-quality-accounting/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/earnings-quality-accounting.md)): The Earnings Quality and Accounting Lab teaches investors how to distinguish high-quality earnings -- those backed by real cash flows and durable operating performance -- from low-quality earnings that reflect accounting choices, aggressive revenue recognition, or one-time items inflating reported results.
- [Accounting Red Flags](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/earnings-quality-accounting/accounting-red-flags/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/earnings-quality-accounting/accounting-red-flags.md)): Accounting red flags are specific patterns in financial statements that suggest potential earnings manipulation, undisclosed risks, or deteriorating business quality. Learn the most reliable red flags to screen for and how to investigate them before they become losses.
- [Accrual Analysis](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/earnings-quality-accounting/accrual-analysis/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/earnings-quality-accounting/accrual-analysis.md)): Accrual analysis compares the accrual component of earnings to the cash component to assess earnings quality. Learn how to calculate accrual ratios, what they signal about management discretion, and how to use them to detect potential earnings manipulation.
- [Cash Flow Analysis](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/earnings-quality-accounting/cash-flow-analysis/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/earnings-quality-accounting/cash-flow-analysis.md)): Cash flow analysis evaluates whether reported profits are backed by actual cash generation. Learn how to read the statement of cash flows, reconcile earnings to cash, and identify businesses with high-quality versus low-quality earnings.
- [Non-GAAP Adjustments: What Gets Excluded](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/earnings-quality-accounting/non-gaap-adjustments/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/earnings-quality-accounting/non-gaap-adjustments.md)): Non-GAAP financial metrics exclude specific items from reported earnings to present management's view of underlying business performance. Learn which adjustments are legitimate, which are recurring disguised as one-time, and how to evaluate adjusted versus GAAP earnings.
- [Revenue Recognition](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/earnings-quality-accounting/revenue-recognition/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/earnings-quality-accounting/revenue-recognition.md)): Revenue recognition rules determine when sales appear on the income statement. Learn how ASC 606 and IFRS 15 work, where management has discretion in applying them, and how to evaluate whether a company's revenue recognition policies are conservative or aggressive.
- [SEC EDGAR Filing Search](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/edgar-search/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/edgar-search.md)): Search SEC EDGAR's public filing database by company name, ticker, or CIK. Find 10-Ks, 10-Qs, 8-Ks and proxy statements, each linked to the original document on sec.gov. Free source-verification tool for investors, educators, and journalists.
- [Evidence and Assumption Lab](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/evidence-assumptions/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/evidence-assumptions.md)): The Evidence and Assumption Lab teaches investors to separate facts, interpretations, forecasts, and unknowns, then track source quality and assumption sensitivity. Build explicit evidence ledgers before acting on investment conclusions.
- [Expectations and Variant Perception Lab](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/expectations-variant-perception/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/expectations-variant-perception.md)): The Expectations and Variant Perception Lab teaches investors to identify what the market appears to expect, test whether their view is genuinely different, and avoid the trap of being right about a company but wrong about the trade.
- [Formula & Assumption Registry](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/formulas/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/formulas.md)): The Swoopr Formula Registry documents the formulas, inputs, assumptions, rounding rules, test cases, and sources behind every Swoopr calculator and analytical tool.
- [How to Verify Investment Information](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/how-to-verify-investment-information/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/how-to-verify-investment-information.md)): Learn a repeatable process for checking investment claims against filings, regulators, official rules, source dates, incentives and methodology before relying on them.
- [Internal Linking Methodology](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/internal-linking-methodology/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/internal-linking-methodology.md)): How Swoopr uses internal links to describe real relationships between investment concepts: parent, prerequisite, sibling, definition, tool, formula, risk, evidence and next-lesson links.
- [Investment Fee Drag Atlas](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-fee-drag-atlas/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-fee-drag-atlas.md)): How investment fees reduce long-term returns through compounding. Fee taxonomy, core math, the fee-drag ratio, and controlled scenario examples for six fee types.
- [Investment Thesis Lab: Build, Test](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis.md)): A practical system for writing a testable investment thesis, challenging it with contrary evidence, defining break conditions and monitoring it as new information arrives. Built around Swoopr's Research Workbench.
- [Common Assumption Hierarchy Failure Modes](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/assumption-hierarchy-failure-modes/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/assumption-hierarchy-failure-modes.md)): How poorly defined assumption hierarchies lead to investment failures: unstated assumptions, assuming stability, overconfidence in key assumptions, and monitoring the wrong evidence.
- [Assumption Hierarchy in Investment Theses](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/assumption-hierarchy/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/assumption-hierarchy.md)): How to build and use an assumption hierarchy in an investment thesis, rank assumptions by importance, distinguish load-bearing from supporting assumptions, and use the hierarchy for ongoing monitoring.
- [Investment Thesis Break Conditions](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/break-conditions/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/break-conditions.md)): How to write explicit thesis break conditions before entering a position. The anatomy of a well-formed break condition, examples, and how break conditions connect to sell discipline.
- [Investment Thesis Challenge Engine](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/challenge-engine/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/challenge-engine.md)): A structured challenge process for stress-testing an investment thesis before committing capital. Ten adversarial questions that expose weak assumptions, narrative substitutes, and confirmation bias.
- [Falsifiability Checklist for Investment Theses](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/falsifiability-checklist/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/falsifiability-checklist.md)): A focused checklist to evaluate whether an investment thesis is genuinely falsifiable, with specific questions about break conditions, evidence thresholds, and time frames.
- [Common Falsifiability Failure Modes in Investment Theses](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/falsifiability-failure-modes/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/falsifiability-failure-modes.md)): The five most common ways investment theses avoid falsifiability: unfalsifiable thesis statements, moving goalposts, vague evidence thresholds, undefined time frames, and tautological break conditions.
- [Falsifiability: What It Means for Investment Thesis Quality](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/falsifiability/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/falsifiability.md)): A falsifiable investment thesis specifies observable conditions that would prove it wrong. Without falsifiability, a thesis is a narrative that explains any outcome after the fact.
- [How to Evaluate Your Thesis Assumption Hierarchy](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/how-to-evaluate-assumption-hierarchy/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/how-to-evaluate-assumption-hierarchy.md)): Learn how to build and rank an investment thesis assumption hierarchy, distinguish load-bearing from supporting assumptions, and use it as a monitoring filter.
- [How to Evaluate Thesis Falsifiability](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/how-to-evaluate-falsifiability/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/how-to-evaluate-falsifiability.md)): A step-by-step guide to evaluating whether an investment thesis is genuinely falsifiable, with a scoring approach, common evasions to detect, and worked examples.
- [How to Evaluate Thesis Anatomy Before an Investment Decision](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/how-to-evaluate-thesis-anatomy/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/how-to-evaluate-thesis-anatomy.md)): A practical framework for evaluating the structural completeness of your investment thesis: checking for core claims, market-gap arguments, key assumptions, break conditions and evidence thresholds before acting.
- [How to Evaluate Whether You Have a Thesis or a Narrative](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/how-to-evaluate-thesis-vs-narrative/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/how-to-evaluate-thesis-vs-narrative.md)): Diagnostic questions and a scoring framework for distinguishing an investment thesis from a plausible narrative, with examples of each and how to convert narratives into theses.
- [How to Evaluate Your Thesis Time Horizon](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/how-to-evaluate-time-horizon/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/how-to-evaluate-time-horizon.md)): Learn how to define, match, and enforce the time horizon in your investment thesis so your sell discipline stays grounded in logic, not price movements.
- [Investment Thesis Checklist](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/investment-thesis-checklist/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/investment-thesis-checklist.md)): A practical checklist for evaluating an investment thesis before committing capital. Covers thesis anatomy, falsifiability, assumptions, time horizon, break conditions and risk factors.
- [Pre-Buy Thesis Review Checklist](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/pre-buy-thesis-review/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/pre-buy-thesis-review.md)): Run the six-gate pre-buy thesis review before every position to confirm your thesis is complete, falsifiable, and ready for capital commitment.
- [Thesis Anatomy Checklist](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/thesis-anatomy-checklist/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/thesis-anatomy-checklist.md)): A component-by-component checklist for evaluating the completeness and quality of an investment thesis, covering the central question, mechanism, evidence, catalyst, and risk.
- [Common Investment Thesis Anatomy Failure Modes](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/thesis-anatomy-failure-modes/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/thesis-anatomy-failure-modes.md)): Learn to identify and fix the six structural failure modes that prevent an investment thesis from functioning as a decision tool, regardless of how good the underlying research is.
- [Thesis Anatomy: What It Means for Investment Thesis Quality](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/thesis-anatomy/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/thesis-anatomy.md)): Thesis anatomy describes the required structural components of a testable investment thesis: core claim, market-price gap, key assumptions, break conditions and evidence threshold.
- [Investment Thesis Lifecycle](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/thesis-lifecycle/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/thesis-lifecycle.md)): The complete lifecycle of an investment thesis: from initial idea, through construction, to ongoing monitoring, position review, and eventual exit. How each stage connects to the full investor operating system.
- [Thesis Snapshot and Change Log](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/thesis-snapshot/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/thesis-snapshot.md)): How to take a thesis snapshot at entry and maintain a change log over time, enabling comparison between original reasoning and current view to detect drift, learning, and rationalization.
- [Thesis vs. Narrative Checklist](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/thesis-vs-narrative-checklist/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/thesis-vs-narrative-checklist.md)): Use the 10-item thesis vs. narrative checklist to find out whether you are investing on a testable thesis or an unfalsifiable story, and how to convert one into the other.
- [Common Thesis vs. Narrative Failure Modes](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/thesis-vs-narrative-failure-modes/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/thesis-vs-narrative-failure-modes.md)): How investors accidentally invest in narratives instead of theses: compelling stories, social proof, vague mechanisms, and the optimism bias that makes narratives feel like analysis.
- [Thesis vs Narrative: What It Means](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/thesis-vs-narrative/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/thesis-vs-narrative.md)): A thesis specifies a testable outcome and the conditions that would prove it wrong. A narrative explains why something is good. Understanding the difference prevents holding positions for the wrong reasons.
- [Common Time Horizon Failure Modes in Investment Theses](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/time-horizon-failure-modes/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/time-horizon-failure-modes.md)): How undefined or mismatched time horizons destroy investment discipline: premature selling, extended holding past thesis validity, and the time horizon that shifts with price.
- [Investment Thesis Time Horizon](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/time-horizon/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/investment-thesis/time-horizon.md)): Why every investment thesis needs an explicit time horizon, the three types of investment time horizons, and how a defined time frame changes monitoring, sell decisions, and position sizing.
- [Management and Capital Allocation Lab](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/management-capital-allocation/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/management-capital-allocation.md)): The Management and Capital Allocation Lab teaches investors how to evaluate leadership quality, capital allocation skill, incentive alignment, and track record. Learn how to assess whether management is a value creator or destroyer before making a long-term investment.
- [Acquisition Analysis: Evaluating Mergers](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/management-capital-allocation/acquisition-analysis/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/management-capital-allocation/acquisition-analysis.md)): Acquisition analysis evaluates whether a proposed or historical acquisition creates or destroys shareholder value. Learn how to assess deal rationale, synergy estimates, purchase price discipline, and integration risk when analyzing M&A activity.
- [Capital Allocation Frameworks for Investment Analysis](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/management-capital-allocation/capital-allocation-frameworks/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/management-capital-allocation/capital-allocation-frameworks.md)): Capital allocation frameworks organize the decisions management teams make about how to deploy business cash flows. Learn the major frameworks for evaluating capital allocation quality and how to apply them when analyzing management teams.
- [Incentive Structures](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/management-capital-allocation/incentive-structures/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/management-capital-allocation/incentive-structures.md)): Executive incentive structures determine what behavior management is paid to produce. Learn how to read proxy statements, evaluate compensation metrics, and identify whether management incentives align with long-term shareholder value creation.
- [Management Track Record](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/management-capital-allocation/management-track-record/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/management-capital-allocation/management-track-record.md)): A management track record is the historical evidence of a leadership team's decision-making quality. Learn how to evaluate a track record across capital allocation, operational execution, and communication, and how to weight it appropriately in investment analysis.
- [Return on Incremental Capital](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/management-capital-allocation/return-on-incremental-capital/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/management-capital-allocation/return-on-incremental-capital.md)): Return on incremental capital measures the profitability of new investments rather than the average return on historical assets. Learn why incremental ROIC is more informative than average ROIC for evaluating growth quality and predicting future value creation.
- [Market Regime & Cross-Asset Lab](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/market-regime-cross-asset/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/market-regime-cross-asset.md)): The Market Regime and Cross-Asset Lab teaches investors how to identify the macroeconomic environment, interpret signals across equities, bonds, commodities and currencies, and adjust portfolio positioning when the regime shifts. Learn leading indicators, asset-class correlations, and cross-asset confirmation frameworks.
- [Cross-Asset Confirmation & Divergence](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/market-regime-cross-asset/cross-asset-confirmation/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/market-regime-cross-asset/cross-asset-confirmation.md)): Cross-asset analysis looks for confirmation or divergence between equities, bonds, credit, and currencies to validate investment theses and identify regime shifts. Learn how to use cross-asset signals to increase conviction or spot early warnings of trend reversals.
- [Growth-Inflation Regime Framework](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/market-regime-cross-asset/growth-inflation-regime-framework/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/market-regime-cross-asset/growth-inflation-regime-framework.md)): The growth-inflation regime framework organizes macro environments into four quadrants based on whether growth and inflation are rising or falling. Learn how each quadrant historically affects equities, bonds, commodities, and currencies, and how to position a portfolio across regimes.
- [Leading Economic Indicators](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/market-regime-cross-asset/leading-economic-indicators/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/market-regime-cross-asset/leading-economic-indicators.md)): Leading economic indicators predict future economic activity before it appears in GDP or employment data. Learn which indicators investors monitor, how far ahead they lead, and how to use them to anticipate regime shifts in equity, credit, and interest rate markets.
- [Regime-Based Portfolio Positioning](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/market-regime-cross-asset/regime-based-positioning/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/market-regime-cross-asset/regime-based-positioning.md)): Regime-based portfolio positioning systematically adjusts sector tilts and asset class weights based on the prevailing macro regime. Learn how to structure a regime-aware portfolio, when to shift allocations, and how to avoid the most common regime-positioning mistakes.
- [Yield Curve Analysis: Shape, Inversion](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/market-regime-cross-asset/yield-curve-analysis/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/market-regime-cross-asset/yield-curve-analysis.md)): The yield curve plots interest rates across maturities and its shape carries powerful signals about growth expectations, monetary policy, and recession risk. Learn how to read the yield curve, what an inversion signals, and how different curve shapes affect equities, credit, and the banking system.
- [Market Rules & Effective-Date Registry Methodology](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/market-rules-registry/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/market-rules-registry.md)): See how Swoopr tracks investment rules, effective dates, transition periods, authoritative sources, affected tools and historical versions so financial education stays current.
- [Research Methodology and Formulas](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/methodology/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/methodology.md)): The Swoopr Research Loop methodology: every stock research formula the Workbench uses, from CAGR and margins to net debt, ROIC, dilution, and DCF, with worked examples.
- [Investment Monitoring](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/monitoring-thesis-change/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/monitoring-thesis-change.md)): The Investment Monitoring and Thesis Change Lab teaches investors to define monitoring variables, set review cadence, identify event triggers, and distinguish evidence-based thesis changes from emotional reactions to price movements.
- [Portfolio Operating System](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/portfolio-operating-system/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/portfolio-operating-system.md)): The Portfolio Operating System lab covers the end-to-end workflow for running a portfolio: watchlist management, position monitoring, rebalancing triggers, trade journaling, performance attribution, and the review cadence that ties routine decisions into a coherent investment process.
- [Performance Attribution for Active Portfolios](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/portfolio-operating-system/performance-attribution/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/portfolio-operating-system/performance-attribution.md)): Performance attribution decomposes portfolio returns into their sources: which positions contributed, which detracted, and whether outperformance came from security selection, sector allocation, or luck. Learn how to run position-level attribution and what to do with the findings.
- [Rebalancing Rules & Triggers](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/portfolio-operating-system/rebalancing-rules/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/portfolio-operating-system/rebalancing-rules.md)): Portfolio rebalancing restores target weights or risk allocations after positions drift. Learn the three main rebalancing triggers (time-based, threshold-based, event-based), how to evaluate tax implications, and how to rebalance without over-trading.
- [Portfolio Review Cadence](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/portfolio-operating-system/review-cadence/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/portfolio-operating-system/review-cadence.md)): A portfolio review cadence is the scheduled rhythm at which the portfolio is assessed at different depths: a quick weekly check, a deeper monthly review, and a comprehensive quarterly retrospective. Learn what each review should cover and how to structure them.
- [Trade Journaling: How to Record](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/portfolio-operating-system/trade-journaling/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/portfolio-operating-system/trade-journaling.md)): A trade journal records the thesis, sizing decision, entry and exit rationale, and outcome for every investment. Learn how to structure a trade journal, what to record at entry and exit, and how to use journal reviews to identify systematic decision errors.
- [Watchlist Management: Building](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/portfolio-operating-system/watchlist-management/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/portfolio-operating-system/watchlist-management.md)): An investment watchlist is a curated pipeline of researched securities ready to enter at the right price or conditions. Learn how to structure, prioritize, and prune a watchlist so it stays a decision tool rather than an accumulating backlog.
- [Position Sizing & Risk Budget Lab](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/position-sizing-risk-budget/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/position-sizing-risk-budget.md)): The Position Sizing and Risk Budget Lab teaches investors how to size individual positions, allocate risk across a portfolio, and apply systematic frameworks for capital deployment. Learn Kelly criterion, fixed-fractional sizing, portfolio heat, and risk-budget allocation.
- [Drawdown-Based Position Limits](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/position-sizing-risk-budget/drawdown-based-limits/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/position-sizing-risk-budget/drawdown-based-limits.md)): Drawdown-based position limits reduce position sizes automatically as a portfolio experiences losses, protecting remaining capital during losing streaks. Learn how maximum drawdown limits, drawdown-based scaling, and position-level loss limits work in practice.
- [Fixed-Fractional Position Sizing](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/position-sizing-risk-budget/fixed-fractional-sizing/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/position-sizing-risk-budget/fixed-fractional-sizing.md)): Fixed-fractional position sizing risks a constant percentage of account equity on each trade. Learn the formula, how to calculate share size from a dollar risk limit, and how fixed-fractional sizing controls drawdowns and scales with account growth.
- [Kelly Criterion: Optimal Position Sizing Formula](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/position-sizing-risk-budget/kelly-criterion/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/position-sizing-risk-budget/kelly-criterion.md)): The Kelly criterion calculates the mathematically optimal fraction of capital to bet on a positive-expected-value outcome. Learn the Kelly formula, full Kelly vs. fractional Kelly, the assumptions that limit its use, and how investors apply it practically.
- [Risk Budget Allocation](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/position-sizing-risk-budget/risk-budget-allocation/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/position-sizing-risk-budget/risk-budget-allocation.md)): Risk budget allocation treats total portfolio risk as a finite resource divided across positions, sectors, and strategies. Learn how to define a risk budget, allocate it by conviction and correlation, and monitor total portfolio heat to prevent correlated drawdowns.
- [Volatility-Adjusted Position Sizing](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/position-sizing-risk-budget/volatility-adjusted-sizing/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/position-sizing-risk-budget/volatility-adjusted-sizing.md)): Volatility-adjusted position sizing scales each position so its dollar volatility contribution is equal across the portfolio, rather than its dollar weight. Learn how to use ATR or historical volatility to size positions so no single holding dominates portfolio risk.
- [Primary Financial Sources & Authorities](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/primary-sources/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/primary-sources.md)): Learn how Swoopr verifies financial claims using primary regulators, government agencies, filings, exchanges, index providers and official data sources.
- [Scenario and Forecasting Lab](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/scenario-forecasting/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/scenario-forecasting.md)): The Scenario and Forecasting Lab teaches investors to build internally consistent bull, base, and bear scenarios without pretending forecasts are certain. Learn probability assignment, causal consistency, and key variable identification.
- [Watchlist Stock Screener](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/screener/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/screener.md)) (WebMCP tool: screen_stock_watchlist): Free watchlist stock screener: filter the companies you are researching by margins, growth, leverage, dilution, and valuation with documented metric definitions.
- [Watchlist ETF Screener](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/screener/etfs/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/screener/etfs.md)) (WebMCP tool: screen_etf_watchlist): Free watchlist ETF screener: filter the funds you are researching by expense ratio, median bid-ask spread, tracking difference and concentration, with documented definitions.
- [Watchlist REIT Screener](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/screener/reits/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/screener/reits.md)) (WebMCP tool: screen_reit_watchlist): Free watchlist REIT screener: filter the property trusts you are researching by FFO payout coverage, occupancy, leverage and lease rollover, with documented definitions.
- [Sell Discipline Lab](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline.md)): The Sell Discipline Lab helps investors build explicit, pre-committed sell rules before entering a position. Learn thesis-break sells, valuation sells, opportunity-cost sells, risk-limit sells, and position trims.
- [Opportunity-Cost Sells](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/opportunity-cost-sells/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/opportunity-cost-sells.md)): Opportunity-cost sells exit a position when a better risk-adjusted alternative warrants reallocating capital. Learn the would-I-buy-it-today test, ranking positions by expected return, and how to distinguish discipline from churning.
- [Common Opportunity-Cost Sell Mistakes](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/opportunity-cost-sells/common-opportunity-cost-mistakes/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/opportunity-cost-sells/common-opportunity-cost-mistakes.md)): Opportunity-cost sell decisions are prone to specific errors including over-rotation, anchoring to cost basis, and confusing volatility with weakness. Learn the most common mistakes and how to avoid them.
- [Opportunity-Cost Sells vs. Diversification](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/opportunity-cost-sells/opportunity-cost-vs-diversification/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/opportunity-cost-sells/opportunity-cost-vs-diversification.md)): Opportunity-cost sells and diversification both move capital, but for different reasons. Learn how to tell them apart, when each applies, and how to avoid confusing a concentration concern with a genuine return-comparison problem.
- [Ranking Positions by Expected Return](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/opportunity-cost-sells/ranking-positions-by-expected-return/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/opportunity-cost-sells/ranking-positions-by-expected-return.md)): Ranking positions by expected return is a systematic way to surface the weakest allocation in your portfolio. Learn the mechanics of a return-ranking review, how to handle uncertainty, and when the bottom-ranked position triggers a sell.
- [What Is an Opportunity-Cost Sell](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/opportunity-cost-sells/what-is-an-opportunity-cost-sell/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/opportunity-cost-sells/what-is-an-opportunity-cost-sell.md)): An opportunity-cost sell is triggered when a better use of capital exists elsewhere. Learn when to reallocate, how to compare expected returns, and how to apply the discipline without second-guessing every position.
- [The Would-I-Buy-It-Today Test](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/opportunity-cost-sells/would-i-buy-it-today-test/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/opportunity-cost-sells/would-i-buy-it-today-test.md)): The would-I-buy-it-today test is a mental reset that strips out cost basis and history to ask whether a position deserves its current allocation. Learn how to apply it consistently and what to do when the answer is no.
- [Position Trims: Partial Exits When Full Sales Are Not Required](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/position-trims/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/position-trims.md)): Position trims are partial sales used when a position has grown too large, reached a partial valuation milestone, or when de-risking is appropriate without a full exit. Learn when and how to trim intelligently.
- [Documenting Trim Decisions](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/position-trims/documenting-trim-decisions/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/position-trims/documenting-trim-decisions.md)): Documenting trim decisions closes the loop between the original investment thesis and the ongoing position management record. Learn what to record, how to structure a trim log, and how reviewing past trims improves future decision-making.
- [Scaling Out vs. Full Exit](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/position-trims/scaling-out-vs-full-exit/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/position-trims/scaling-out-vs-full-exit.md)): Scaling out spreads a sell decision across multiple transactions; a full exit clears the position in one move. Learn when each approach is appropriate, the tradeoffs between them, and how to avoid using scale-out as an excuse to delay a clean sell.
- [Trimming for Concentration Risk](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/position-trims/trim-for-concentration-risk/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/position-trims/trim-for-concentration-risk.md)): Concentration risk builds when a winning position outgrows its original allocation. Learn how to identify dangerous concentration, set position-size ceilings, and execute concentration trims without abandoning your best ideas.
- [What Is a Position Trim](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/position-trims/what-is-a-position-trim/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/position-trims/what-is-a-position-trim.md)): A position trim is a partial sell that reduces a holding without exiting it entirely. Learn when trimming is the right tool, how much to trim, and how trims differ from full exits and from scaling out of a position.
- [When to Trim a Winning Position](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/position-trims/when-to-trim-a-winner/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/position-trims/when-to-trim-a-winner.md)): Trimming a winner is one of the hardest decisions in investing because the thesis is still intact. Learn the specific triggers that justify a trim despite continued confidence in a holding, and how to execute without second-guessing the decision.
- [Risk-Limit Sells](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/risk-limit-sells/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/risk-limit-sells.md)): Risk-limit sells exit a position when it violates pre-established risk constraints, including maximum portfolio weight, maximum drawdown, and stop-loss rules. Learn how to design rules that operate independently of thesis and valuation.
- [Common Risk-Limit Sell Mistakes](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/risk-limit-sells/common-risk-limit-mistakes/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/risk-limit-sells/common-risk-limit-mistakes.md)): Risk-limit sell rules fail when they are set too wide, ignored under pressure, or not updated to reflect changing circumstances. Learn the most common mistakes investors make with risk-limit rules and how to avoid them.
- [Maximum-Drawdown Rules](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/risk-limit-sells/maximum-drawdown-rules/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/risk-limit-sells/maximum-drawdown-rules.md)): A maximum-drawdown rule sets a floor on how far a portfolio or position is allowed to fall from its peak. Learn how drawdown limits work, how to set them based on your situation, and how they interact with other sell rules.
- [Position-Size Limits as a Sell Trigger](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/risk-limit-sells/position-size-limits/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/risk-limit-sells/position-size-limits.md)): A position-size limit caps how large any single holding can grow as a share of the portfolio. Learn how to set size limits, when a limit triggers a trim or full exit, and how to handle winners that grow past their original cap.
- [Stop-Loss Rules for Long-Term Investors](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/risk-limit-sells/stop-loss-rules/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/risk-limit-sells/stop-loss-rules.md)): Stop-loss rules set a maximum percentage loss a position is allowed to reach before triggering a sell. Learn how long-term investors design stop-losses, why hard rules beat in-the-moment judgment, and when stop-losses are not the right tool.
- [What Is a Risk-Limit Sell](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/risk-limit-sells/what-is-a-risk-limit-sell/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/risk-limit-sells/what-is-a-risk-limit-sell.md)): A risk-limit sell is a pre-committed exit triggered when a position or portfolio breaches a defined risk boundary. Learn how risk-limit rules work, what limits to set, and why pre-committing matters more than deciding in the moment.
- [Thesis-Break Sells](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/thesis-break-sells/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/thesis-break-sells.md)): Thesis-break sells exit a position when the investment thesis is falsified by observable evidence. Learn how to write specific break conditions before entry and apply them when the evidence arrives.
- [Common Thesis-Break Sell Mistakes](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/thesis-break-sells/common-thesis-break-mistakes/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/thesis-break-sells/common-thesis-break-mistakes.md)): The most common errors investors make with thesis-break sell decisions: moving goalposts, selling on noise, holding on hope, and ignoring evidence they predicted would matter.
- [How to Write Thesis Break Conditions](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/thesis-break-sells/how-to-write-thesis-break-conditions/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/thesis-break-sells/how-to-write-thesis-break-conditions.md)): Step-by-step guide to writing specific, observable thesis break conditions before entering a position. Templates, examples, and common pitfalls.
- [Thesis-Break Sells in Practice](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/thesis-break-sells/thesis-break-sells-in-practice/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/thesis-break-sells/thesis-break-sells-in-practice.md)): How thesis-break sell rules work in real portfolio management contexts. Example scenarios, decision journal entries, and integrating break conditions into a monitoring workflow.
- [Thesis-Break Sells vs. Price Declines](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/thesis-break-sells/thesis-break-vs-price-decline/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/thesis-break-sells/thesis-break-vs-price-decline.md)): Why price decline alone is not a valid sell signal when a thesis is intact. The difference between volatility, a temporary challenge, and genuine thesis falsification.
- [What Is a Thesis-Break Sell?](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/thesis-break-sells/what-is-a-thesis-break-sell/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/thesis-break-sells/what-is-a-thesis-break-sell.md)): A thesis-break sell is the decision to exit a position when the investment thesis has been falsified by observable evidence. Learn how to define thesis-break conditions before buying.
- [Valuation Sells: Exiting When Price Has Reached Fair Value](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/valuation-sells/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/valuation-sells.md)): Valuation sells exit or reduce a position when price has reached a pre-established fair value target set at the time of purchase. Learn how to set targets, handle tax considerations, and avoid common valuation-sell mistakes.
- [Common Valuation Sell Mistakes](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/valuation-sells/common-valuation-sell-mistakes/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/valuation-sells/common-valuation-sell-mistakes.md)): The most common errors investors make with valuation-based sell decisions: anchoring to original target, chasing earnings upgrades, ignoring margin of safety, and asymmetric updating.
- [How to Set a Valuation-Based Sell Target](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/valuation-sells/how-to-set-a-valuation-sell-target/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/valuation-sells/how-to-set-a-valuation-sell-target.md)): Methods for establishing a pre-committed valuation sell target at time of purchase. Price-to-earnings, DCF, historical multiples, and when to update vs. hold your target.
- [Valuation Sells & Taxes](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/valuation-sells/valuation-sells-and-taxes/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/valuation-sells/valuation-sells-and-taxes.md)): How capital gains taxes affect valuation sell decisions. The tax drag of selling winners, short-term vs. long-term gains, and when letting taxes delay a sale costs more than it saves.
- [Valuation Sells vs. Momentum](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/valuation-sells/valuation-sells-vs-momentum/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/valuation-sells/valuation-sells-vs-momentum.md)): The tension between selling at fair value and holding great businesses through normal valuation cycles. How to think about selling high-quality compounders vs. cyclical or lower-quality positions.
- [What Is a Valuation Sell?](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/valuation-sells/what-is-a-valuation-sell/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/sell-discipline/valuation-sells/what-is-a-valuation-sell.md)): A valuation sell is the decision to exit or reduce a position when the price has reached or exceeded a pre-established fair value estimate. Learn how to set valuation-based sell targets.
- [The Swoopr Source Ladder](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/source-ladder/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/source-ladder.md)): A framework for matching investment claims to the strongest source. Six levels, worked examples, a claim ledger, and a five-minute source check.
- [Valuation Lab](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/valuation/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/valuation.md)): The Valuation Lab teaches investors how to estimate intrinsic value using discounted cash flow analysis, relative multiples, and sum-of-parts frameworks. Learn when each method is appropriate, how to build a margin of safety, and how to avoid common valuation mistakes.
- [DCF Analysis: Discounted Cash Flow Valuation Explained](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/valuation/dcf-analysis/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/valuation/dcf-analysis.md)): Discounted cash flow analysis estimates intrinsic value by projecting future free cash flows and discounting them to present value. Learn how to build a DCF model, set key assumptions, and interpret the output to make better investment decisions.
- [Margin of Safety](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/valuation/margin-of-safety/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/valuation/margin-of-safety.md)): Margin of safety is the discount between a stock's intrinsic value and its market price that protects an investor against estimation error and unforeseen adversity. Learn how margin of safety works, how to think about what size of discount is appropriate, and how it interacts with business quality.
- [Sum of Parts Valuation](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/valuation/sum-of-parts/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/valuation/sum-of-parts.md)): Sum of parts (SOTP) valuation values each business segment separately using the most appropriate method for that segment, then aggregates the results. Learn when SOTP applies, how to construct one, and what the "conglomerate discount" reveals about capital allocation.
- [Terminal Value: Calculating the Value Beyond Your Forecast Period](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/valuation/terminal-value/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/valuation/terminal-value.md)): Terminal value estimates the value of a business beyond the explicit DCF forecast period, typically representing 60-80% of total intrinsic value. Learn how to calculate terminal value using the perpetuity growth model and exit multiple methods, and how to stress-test your assumptions.
- [Valuation Multiples: P/E, EV/EBITDA](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/valuation/valuation-multiples/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/valuation/valuation-multiples.md)): Valuation multiples express a company's market value relative to a financial metric such as earnings, EBITDA, or revenue. Learn how comparable company analysis works, which multiples are appropriate for different industries, and how to interpret multiples in practice.
- [WebMCP at Swoopr: Browser Agent Tools](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/webmcp-methodology/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/webmcp-methodology.md)): How Swoopr exposes interactive investment tools to browser agents safely using WebMCP: one logic source, strict schemas, read-only defaults, and parity between the human UI and agent invocation.
- [Research Workbench: Guided Stock Studies](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/workbench/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/workbench.md)) (WebMCP tool: build_research_memo): Free research workbench for stocks: an eight-step guided research document with a built-in risk register, source freshness tracking, and Markdown or JSON export.

## Research Notes Library

- [Research Notes Library](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/notes/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/notes.md)): Time-stamped, worked research briefs on real public companies, ETFs, and REITs: filing walkthroughs, peer comparisons, valuation scenarios, and more. Never a stock pick.
- [Apple (AAPL) 10-K Filing Walkthrough](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/notes/apple-aapl-10-k-filing-walkthrough/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/notes/apple-aapl-10-k-filing-walkthrough.md)): A walkthrough brief for Apple’s most recent Form 10-K: what the filing covers, the segment and geographic revenue breakdown it discloses, and exactly which...
- [Berkshire (BRK.B) Capital Allocation](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/notes/berkshire-hathaway-brk-b-capital-allocation-review/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/notes/berkshire-hathaway-brk-b-capital-allocation-review.md)): A brief for reviewing how Berkshire Hathaway has deployed shareholder capital across acquisitions, buybacks, and the public-equity portfolio over time, wit...
- [Carvana (CVNA) Balance-Sheet Stress Test](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/notes/carvana-cvna-balance-sheet-stress-test/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/notes/carvana-cvna-balance-sheet-stress-test.md)): A brief for stress-testing Carvana’s balance sheet against adverse used-vehicle-pricing and financing-cost assumptions: the liquidity, covenant, and refina...
- [Chipotle (CMG) Unit Economics Review](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/notes/chipotle-cmg-unit-economics-review/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/notes/chipotle-cmg-unit-economics-review.md)): A brief for a per-restaurant unit-economics review of Chipotle: average unit volume, restaurant-level margin, and new-unit payback. Every figure is left as...
- [Coca-Cola (KO) Dividend Sustainability](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/notes/coca-cola-ko-dividend-sustainability-review/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/notes/coca-cola-ko-dividend-sustainability-review.md)): A brief for checking whether Coca-Cola’s dividend is covered by free cash flow rather than by debt or one-time items, and what would have to change for tha...
- [Costco (COST) Earnings Walkthrough](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/notes/costco-cost-earnings-update-walkthrough/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/notes/costco-cost-earnings-update-walkthrough.md)): A brief for tracking what changes in Costco’s next quarterly earnings release relative to the prior period: comparable sales, membership renewal rate, and ...
- [NVIDIA (NVDA) Valuation Scenarios](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/notes/nvidia-nvda-valuation-scenario-analysis/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/notes/nvidia-nvda-valuation-scenario-analysis.md)): A brief scaffolding a bull/base/bear valuation scenario set for NVIDIA: the assumption rows the finished note will populate (revenue growth path, margin tr...
- [Realty Income (O) REIT Due Diligence](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/notes/realty-income-o-reit-due-diligence/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/notes/realty-income-o-reit-due-diligence.md)): A brief for a due-diligence pass on Realty Income’s property portfolio, tenant and industry concentration, lease structure, and funds-from-operations mecha...
- [Vanguard S&P 500 ETF (VOO) Due Diligence](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/notes/vanguard-sp-500-etf-voo-due-diligence/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/notes/vanguard-sp-500-etf-voo-due-diligence.md)): A brief for a due-diligence pass on VOO’s structure, index methodology, expense ratio, and historical tracking behavior versus the S&P 500. Figures will be...
- [Visa vs. Mastercard Peer Comparison](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/notes/visa-v-vs-mastercard-ma-peer-comparison/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/notes/visa-v-vs-mastercard-ma-peer-comparison.md)): A brief for a side-by-side comparison of the two dominant global payment networks on the same set of metrics: network volume growth, take rate, incremental...

## Investment Data Library

- [Investment Data Library](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/data/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/data.md)): Use investment data with its source, definition, date, vintage, and limitations intact. A Swoopr hub for primary financial data and reproducible research.
- [10-Year Treasury Yield by Year, 2000-24](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/data/10-year-treasury-yield-history/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/data/10-year-treasury-yield-history.md)): 10-year U.S. Treasury yield annual averages from 2000 to 2024, sourced from the Federal Reserve H.15 release and FRED.
- [Fed Funds Target Range, 2000-2024](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/data/federal-funds-rate-history/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/data/federal-funds-rate-history.md)): Federal Funds Rate target range at year-end from 2000 to 2024, with FOMC decision dates, methodology, and Federal Reserve source citations.
- [S&P 500 Annual Returns by Year](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/data/sp500-annual-returns/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/data/sp500-annual-returns.md)): S&P 500 annual total returns and price returns from 2000 to 2024, with source, methodology, download, and citation details.
- [S&P 500 CAPE Ratio History (Shiller P/E)](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/data/sp500-cape-ratio-history/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/data/sp500-cape-ratio-history.md)): S&P 500 Shiller CAPE ratio (cyclically adjusted price-to-earnings) at year-end from 2000 to 2024, with source methodology and citation.
- [S&P 500 Dividend Yield History](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/data/sp500-dividend-yield-history/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/data/sp500-dividend-yield-history.md)): S&P 500 trailing 12-month dividend yield at year-end from 2000 to 2024. Source, methodology, and citation included.
- [S&P 500 Earnings Growth History (EPS)](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/data/sp500-earnings-growth-history/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/data/sp500-earnings-growth-history.md)): S&P 500 reported earnings per share (EPS) annual growth rates from 2005 to 2024, sourced from S&P Dow Jones Indices.
- [S&P 500 Sector Weights History](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/data/sp500-sector-weights/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/data/sp500-sector-weights.md)): S&P 500 GICS sector weight history from 2010 to 2024, sourced from S&P Dow Jones Indices sector factsheets.
- [U.S. CPI Inflation Rate by Year](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/data/us-cpi-inflation-history/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/data/us-cpi-inflation-history.md)): U.S. Consumer Price Index (CPI-U) annual inflation rates from 2000 to 2024, sourced from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
- [U.S. Real GDP Growth Rate by Year](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/data/us-gdp-growth-history/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/data/us-gdp-growth-history.md)): U.S. annual real GDP growth rates from 2000 to 2024, sourced from the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA). Includes methodology and citation.
- [U.S. Unemployment Rate, 2000-2024](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/data/us-unemployment-rate-history/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/data/us-unemployment-rate-history.md)): U.S. U-3 unemployment rate (annual average) from 2000 to 2024, sourced from the Bureau of Labor Statistics CPS.
- [VIX Annual Statistics](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/data/vix-annual-statistics/) ([Markdown](https://www.getswoopr.com/research/data/vix-annual-statistics.md)): VIX (CBOE Volatility Index) annual averages, highs, and lows from 2000 to 2024, sourced from Cboe Global Markets.